Aboriginal people have inhabited the Botany Bay area for thousands of years. When the British settled at Botany Bay in 1788, around 1500 Aboriginal people were estimated to have lived between Broken Bay and Botany Bay.

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The La Perouse Aboriginal Community is the longest functioning and only discreet Aboriginal community in Sydney. Many descendants of the families continue to live within the La Perouse Aboriginal community where they maintain their cultural connection to the coastal Sydney region.